الأفعال الغير قياسية
كما نعلم أن الأفعال القياسية تخضع لقاعدة إضافة (-ed) عند تحويلها للماضي، نجد أن الأفعال الغير قياسية على العكس لا تخضع لأي قاعدة ومن ثم وجب علينا حفظها. وفيما يلي قائمة بتلك الأفعال:
Base form المصدر | Past simple الماضى البسيط | Past Participle التصريف الثالث | Arabic Translation الترجمة العربية |
Awake | Awoke | Awoken | يستيقظ |
Be | Was/Were | Been | يكون |
Bear | Bore | Born/Borne | تحمل، تلد |
Beat | Beat | Beaten | يضرب |
Become | Became | Become | يصبح |
Begin | Began | Begun | يبدأ |
Bend | Bent | Bent | ينحنى |
Bet | Bet | Bet | يراهن |
Bind | Bound | Bound | يربط، يوثق، يقيد |
Bite | Bit | Bitten | يعض، يلدغ |
Bleed | Bled | Bled | يدمي، ينزف |
Blow | Blew | Blown | يهب، ينفخ |
Break | Broke | Broken | يكسر، ينكسر |
Breed | Bred | Bred | يلد، ينسل |
Bring | Brought | Brought | يحضر |
Broadcast | Broadcast | Broadcast | يذيع |
Build | Built | Built | يبني |
Burn | Burnt | Burnt | يحرق |
Burst | Burst | Burst | ينفجر |
Buy | Bought | Bought | يشتري |
Cast | Cast | Cast | يرمي |
Catch | Caught | Caught | يمسك |
Choose | Chose | Chosen | يختار |
Cling | Clung | Clung | يتمسك بـ، يتشبث |
Come | Came | Come | يأتي |
Cost | Cost | Cost | يكلف (الثمن) |
Creep | Crept | Crept | يزحف |
Cut | Cut | Cut | يقطع |
Deal | Dealt | Dealt | يتعامل |
Dig | Dug | Dug | يحفر |
Do | Did | Done | يفعل |
Draw | Drew | Drawn | يرسم |
Dream | Dreamt | Dreamt | يحلم |
Drink | Drank | Drunk | يشرب |
Drive | Drove | Driven | يقود(سيارة) |
Dwell | Dwelt | Dwelt | يسكن |
Eat | Ate | Eaten | يأكل |
Fall | Fell | Fallen | يسقط |
Feed | Fed | Fed | يطعم |
Feel | Felt | Felt | يحس |
Fight | Fought | Fought | يتشاجر |
Find | Found | Found | يجد |
Fit | Fit | Fit | يلائم |
Flee | Fled | Fled | يفر |
Fly | Flew | Flown | يحلق، يطير |
Forbid | Forbade/Forbad | Forbidden | يمنع، يحظر |
Forsee | Foresaw | Foreseen | يتنبأ |
Fortell | Foretold | Foretold | يتكهن |
Forget | Forgot | Forgotten | ينسى |
Forgive | Forgave | Forgiven | يغفر، يصفح |
Forsake | Forsook | Forsaken | يهجر |
Freeze | Froze | Frozen | يتجمد |
Get | Got | Got/Gotten | ينال |
Give | Gave | Given | يعطي |
Go | Went | Gone/Been | يذهب |
Grind | Ground | Ground | يطحن |
Grow | Grew | Grown | ينمو، يكبر، ينبت |
Hang | Hung/Hanged | Hung/Hanged | يعلق |
Have | Had | Had | يملك |
Hear | Heard | Heard | يسمع |
Hide | Hid | Hidden | يخبئ، يختبئ |
Hit | Hit | Hit | يضرب |
Hold | Held | Held | يمسك |
Hurt | Hurt | Hurt | يؤلم، يجرح، يؤذي |
Keep | Kept | Kept | يحتفظ/ يبقي |
Kneel | Knelt/Kneeled | Knelt/Kneeled | يركع |
Knit | Knit/Knitted | Knit/Knitted | يربط، يشابك |
Know | Knew | Known | يعرف، يعلم |
lay | Laid | Laid | يضع، يطرح أرضا |
Lead | Led | Led | يقود، يرشد |
Lean | Leant/Leaned | Leant/Leaned | يستند، يميل |
Leap | Leapt/Leaped | Leapt/Leaped | يثب، يقفز |
Learn | Learnt/Learned | Learnt/Learned | يتعلم |
Leave | Left | Left | يغادر |
Lend | Lent | Lent | يقرض |
Let | Let | Let | يدع |
Lie | Lay | Lain | يكذب |
Light | Lit | Lit | يشعل (نار...) |
Lose | Lost | Lost | يفقد، يخسر |
Make | Made | Made | يصنع |
Mean | Meant | Meant | يعني |
Meet | Met | Met | يلتقي، يقابل |
Mistake | Mistook | Mistaken | يخطأ |
Pay | Paid | Paid | يدفع (ثمن) |
Put | Put | Put | يضع |
Quit | Quit | Quit | يغادر، يكف عن |
Read | Read | Read | يقرأ |
Ride | Rode | Ridden | يركب |
Ring | Rang | Rung | يرن |
Rise | Rose | Risen | تشرق (الشمس) |
Run | Ran | Run | يجري، يعدو |
Say | Said | Said | يقول |
See | Saw | Seen | يرى |
Seek | Sought | Sought | يبحث عن |
Sell | Sold | Sold | يبيع |
Send | Sent | Sent | يرسل، يبعث |
Set | Set | Set | يحدد، يقرر |
Shake | Shook | Shaken | يهتز، يرتعش |
Shave | Shaved | Shaven/Shaved | يحلق (الذقن) |
Shed | Shed | Shed | يسفك (دماً) |
Shine | Shone | Shone | يلمع |
Shoot | Shot | Shot | يطلق النار |
Show | Showed | Shown | يعرض، يظهر |
Shrink | Shrank | Shrunk | ينكمش/ يتقلص |
Shut | Shut | Shut | يغلق |
Sing | Sang | Sung | يغني |
Sink | Sank | Sunk | يغرق |
Sit | Sat | Sat | يجلس |
Sleep | Slept | Slept | ينام |
Sling | Slung | Slung | يعلق، يدلي |
Slit | Slit | Slit | يقطع، يشق |
Smell | Smelt | Smelt | يشم/ تفوح (رائحة) |
Speak | Spoke | Spoken | تكلم |
Spell | Spelt/Spelled | Spelt/Spelled | تهجى |
Spend | Spent | Spent | يقضي(وقتا) يصرف (مالا) |
Spill | Spilt | Spilt/ | يسفح، يسفك (دماً) |
Spit | Spat/Spit | Spat/Spit | يبصق |
Split | Split | Split | يشق، يفلق |
Spread | Spread | Spread | ينشر، ينتشر |
Spring | Sprang | Sprung | يقفز |
Stand | Stood | Stood | يقف |
Steal | Stole | Stolen | يسرق |
Stick | Stuck | Stuck | يلتصق |
Sting | Stung | Stung | يلسع، يلدغ |
Stink | Stank | Stunk | يبعث رائحة كريهة |
Stride | Strode/Strided | Stridden | يمشي بخطى واسعة |
Strike | Struck | Struck/Stricken | يضرب |
Strive | Strove | Striven | يكافح |
Swear | Swore | Sworn | يقسم |
Sweat | Sweat/Sweated | Sweat/Sweated | يتصبب عرقا |
Sweep | Swept/Sweeped | Swept/Sweeped | يكنس |
Swell | Swelled | Swollen | ينتفخ، يتورم |
Swim | Swam | Swum | يسبح |
Swing | Swung | Swung | يتأرجح |
Take | Took | Taken | يأخذ |
Teach | Taught | Taught | يعلم |
Tear | Tore | Torn | يمزق |
Tell | Told | Told | يروي، يقص |
Think | Thought | Thought | يفكر، يعتقد |
Thrive | Throve/Thrived | Thriven/Thrived | يزدهر |
Throw | Threw | Thrown | يرمي، يلقي |
Thrust | Thrust | Thrust | يدفع، يقحم |
Tread | Trod | Trodden | يدوس، يسحق |
Undergo | Underwent | Undergone | يقاسي، يعاني |
Understand | Understood | Understood | يفهم |
Wake | Woke | Woken | يوقظ |
Wear | Wore | Worn | يرتدي |
Weave | Wove | Woven | ينسج |
Weep | Wept | Wept | يبكي |
Win | Won | Won | يربح |
Wind | Wound | Wound | يلف |
Withdraw | Withdrew | Withdrawn | ينسحب |
Withhold | Withheld | Withheld | يمتنع عن |
Withstand | Withstood | Withstood | يقاوم |
Write | Wrote | Written | يكتب |
No comments:
Post a Comment